The MGCS program, or Main Ground Combat System, addresses the expected future of combat tanks in Europe. It is an ambitious project aimed at developing a futuristic tank equipped with advanced technologies in artificial intelligence, mobility, and the ability to integrate drones or robots. France and Germany are the main actors in this program, but Italy could also play a key role soon.
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MGCS Main Ground Combat System (Picture source: KNDS)

Italy, with its defense industry and expertise in combat tanks, is ready to join the MGCS program. France is eager to include Italy, represented by Leonardo, in this European project. This inclusion would gradually replace the Italian Ariete and Leopard 2A8 tanks by 2040.

Italy's involvement in the MGCS would be a significant step in Franco-Italian defense cooperation. After collaborating on projects such as the Aster missile and the renovation of Horizon frigates, Paris and Rome are seeking to deepen their relations by inviting Leonardo into the MGCS program. For Italy, this program represents an opportunity to engage in a major arms project in Europe, similar to the Tempest program. Italy plans to acquire at least 125 Leopard 2A8 tanks and become a full partner in the development of MGCS.

MGCS is not simply an improved version of existing tanks like the Leopard or Leclerc. It represents a major technological leap that is expected to be in service until 2070. The program is managed by the Franco-German group KNDS (formed by Krauss-Maffei Weigmann and Nexter) and is at the heart of some tensions between France and Germany.

France, which has faced setbacks from Germany in cooperation programs, sees Italy's arrival as a means to rebalance the power dynamics within MGCS. Negotiations with Germany have been marked by disagreements and mistrust, particularly regarding the repartition of tasks and the armament of the future tank.

The French proposal to include Italy in the MGCS program could be the last chance to make this project progress. With urgent military needs and a tight schedule, France and Italy seem ready to challenge Germany to move the MGCS forward. Discussions between Defense ministers will continue in September, and the outcome of these negotiations could determine the fate of this future European combat system.