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MQ-1
Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle UAV Drone |
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The
MQ-1 Predator is a medium altitude, long endurance, unmanned aerial
vehicle system for use in risk areas minimizing to human life.The MQ-1
Predator is designed and manufactured by the American Company General
Atomics Aeronautical. Since 1995, Predator has logged over 405,000 flight
hours, of which over more than half have been during combat area deployments
to the Balkans, Southwest Asia, and the Middle East where Predator operates
in support of U.S. and NATO forces. Based upon the success of the program,
the U.S. Department of Defense transitioned the Predator program to
full rate production in August 1997, marking it as the first Advanced
Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) program to be designated an
Acquisition Category II Program. Predators are currently in production
for the U.S. and Italian Air Force. Land-based Predators have demonstrated
the ability to support maritime forces including carrier battle groups,
amphibious ready groups, and submarines. Predator is the only reconnaissance
system available in the U.S. inventory that can provide near real-time
video imagery day or night in all weather conditions via satellite worldwide
- without exposing pilots to combat fire. As the first successful unmanned
aircraft surveillance program, Predator provides tactical and strategic
intelligence to operational commanders worldwide. In July 1995, Air
Combat Command commissioned the 11th Reconnaissance Squadron, the U.S.
Air Force’s first operational Predator squadron. The second Predator
squadron, the 15th Reconnaissance, was commissioned in August 1997.
The third Predator squadron, the 17th Reconnaissance, was commissioned
in March 2002.
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| Variants |
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Predator B: Predator B has the capacity to conduct multiple missions
simultaneously due to its large internal and external payload capacity. |
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| Technical
Data |
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| Armament |
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The MQ-1 Predator has been configured with air-to-air or air-to-ground
weapons as well as a laser designator. THE MQ-1 Predator can
carried precision guided and smart munitions such as the Hellfire
laser-guided anti-tank missile and the BAT smart weapon.
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| Design |
For ease
of operation and rapid deployment, each Predator UAV can be
disassembled into 6 main components and loaded in a container.
This enables all system components and support equipment to
be rapidly deployed worldwide. A 5,000 by 125 feet (1,524
by 38 meters) runway is requested for UAVs takeoff and land
operations. The improved RQ-1B Predator UAV features an ARC-210
radio, APX-100 IFF, ice mitigation system, upgraded engine,
and validated technical orders for operations and maintenance.
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| Mobility |
The
Predator, a growth evolution of the proven GNAT system, uses
common avionics and mechanical systems and incorporates a Rotax
4-cylinder engine. The production version of the MQ-1 Predator
aircraft is equipped with a turbo-charged Rotax 914 engine producing
105 horsepower. This UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) measures
8 m long, 2,10 m high. The Predator weighs 512 kg empty, and
1,043 kg Maximum Take Off Weight (MTOW). On a typical mission
the Predator cruises at an altitude of up to 7,620 m and 112
– 135 km/h, with maximum speed of 218 km/h. The MQ-1 Predator
can maintain a 40 hours patrol over a large area, at a distance
of 645 km from its operating base. The payload capacity is 204
kg internal plus 136 kg in external stores, and fuel capacity
300 kg. |
| Accessories |
| Configured
with a satellite data link system, Predator MQ-1 has an endurance
of 40 hours and is equipped with an EO/IR stabilized gimbal
containing two color video cameras and a forward-looking infrared
(FLIR) camera as well as a synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Previously,
Predators were equipped with a synthetic aperture radar for
looking through smoke, clouds or haze, but lack of use validated
its removal to reduce weight. The cameras produce full motion
video and the synthetic aperture radar produced still frame
radar images. There is sufficient bandwidth on the datalink
for two video sources to be used at one time, but only one video
source from the sensor ball can be used at any time due to design
limitations. Either the daylight variable aperture or the infrared
electro-optical sensor may be operated simultaneously with the
synthetic aperture radar, if equipped. All later Predators are
equipped with a laser designator that allows the pilot to identify
targets for other aircraft and even provide the laser-guidance
for manned aircraft. This laser is also the designator for the
AGM-114 Hellfire that are carried on the MQ-1.
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| Combat
use |
The
MQ-1 Predator Unmanned Aerial vehicle (UAV) and sensors are
controlled from the ground station via a C-band line-of-sight
data link or a Ku-band satellite data link for beyond-line-of-sight
operations. During flight operations the crew in the ground
control station is a pilot and two sensor operators. The aircraft
is equipped with the AN/AAS-52 Multi-spectral Targeting System,
a color nose camera (generally used by the pilot for flight
control), a variable aperture day-TV camera, and a variable
aperture infrared camera (for low light/night). The ground control
station can send imagery data via a landline to the operational
users or to the Trojan Spirit data distribution system which
is equipped with a 5.5m dish for Ku-band ground data terminal
and a 2.4m dish for data dissemination.
Predator follows a conventional launch sequence from a semi-prepared
surface under direct line-of-sight control. The take-off and
landing length is typically 2,000ft. The mission can be controlled
through line-of-site data links or through Ku-band satellite
links to produce continuous video. Video signals received in
the ground control station are passed to the Trojan Spirit van
for worldwide intelligence distribution or directly to operational
users via a commercial global broadcast system. Command users
are able to task the payload operator in real-time for images
or video on demand. The MQ-1 Predator can be transported by
tow light vehicles Humvee. |
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| Specifications |
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Armament |
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Hellfire laser-guided anti-tank missile and
the BAT smart weapon. |
Country
users |
| United
States, Italy |
Designer
Country |
| United
States
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Accessories |
| Colour
TX, infared camera, laser target designator
and rangefinder, ECM/ESM, moving target indicator,
communications relay, C-band LOS, UHF and Ku-band
satellite datalink, UHF and VHF radio, data
distribution system. |
Crew |
3,
1 pilot and two sensor operators. |
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Altitude |
| 7,620
m
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Weight |
1,035 kg |
Speed |
129
km/h |
Range |
40
hours
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Dimensions |
Lenght,
8,23 m; Wingspan, 14,84 m; |
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